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Chapter 1 Introduction Developing Applications with Enterprise JavaBeans explains how to develop enterprise beans with JBuilder. You ll learn how to use JBuilder s EJB Designer and EJB wizards to create your beans, how to edit their deployment descriptors with the EJB DD Editor, and how to compile, test, and deploy them. If you need more background in Enterprise JavaBeans, you ll also find chapters that explain how enterprise beans work. Documentation conventions The Borland documentation for JBuilder uses the typefaces and symbols described in the following table to indicate special text. Table 1.1 Typeface and symbol conventions Typeface Meaning Bold Bold is used for java tools, bmj (Borland Make for Java), bcj (Borland Compiler for Java), and compiler options. For example: javac, bmj, -classpath. Italics Italicized words are used for new terms being defined, for book titles, and occasionally for emphasis. Keycaps This typeface indicates a key on your keyboard, such as Press Esc to exit a menu. Monospaced type Monospaced type represents the following: text as it appears onscreen anything you must type, such as Type Hello World in the Title field of the Application wizard. file names path names directory and folder names commands, such as SET PATH Java code Java data types, such as boolean, int, and long. Java identifiers, such as names of variables, classes, package names, interfaces, components, properties, methods, and events argument names field names Java keywords, such as void and static Chapter 1: Introduction 1
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Entity beans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Using the transaction API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Finder methods and the primary key class. . 191 Handling transaction exceptions . . . . . . . . . . 205 Create and remove methods. . . . . . . . . 191 Calling methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Removing bean instances . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Referencing a bean with its handle . . . . . . . . . 193 Managing transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Discovering bean information. . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Creating a client with JBuilder . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Creating an application client module . . . . . . . 196 Creating an empty application client module . . 196 Copying an existing application client module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Creating an application client module node for an existing module in a directory outside your project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 Creating an application client module node for an existing archive outside your project . . 198 Using the Application Client DD Editor . . . . . . . 199 Chapter 20 Managing transactions 201 Characteristics of transactions . . . . . . . . . . . 201 Transaction support in the container . . . . . . . . 202 Enterprise beans and transactions . . . . . . . . . 202 Bean-managed versus container-managed transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 Local and global transactions . . . . . . . . . . 203 System-level exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Application-level exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Handling application exceptions . . . . . . . . . 206 Transaction rollback. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 Options for continuing a transaction . . . . . 206 Chapter 21 Creating JMS producers and consumers 209 Using the JMS wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 Publishsubscribe message systems . . . . . . 211 Point to point message systems . . . . . . . . . 212 Completing the code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Index 215 iv
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Editing session bean descriptors . . . . . . . . . . 130 Editing message-driven bean deployment descriptors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Editing module-wide nodes. . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Editing relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Relationship role source fields . . . . . . . . 134 CMR field. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Adding security roles and method permissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Creating a security role. . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Assigning method permissions . . . . . . . . 135 Adding container transactions . . . . . . . . . . 137 Adding a method to the exclude list . . . . . . . 139 Server-specific pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Chapter 14 Using the DataExpress for EJB components 141 The DataExpress EJB components. . . . . . . . . 141 Components for the server . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Components for the client . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Creating the entity beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Creating the server-side session bean . . . . . . . 142 Adding provider and resolver components to the session bean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Writing the setSessionContext() method . . . . 143 Adding an EJB reference or EJB local reference to the deployment descriptor . . . 144 Adding the providing and resolving methods . . 144 Calling the finder method . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Building the client side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Handling relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Chapter 15 Developing session beans 149 Types of session beans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Stateful session beans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Stateless session bean . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Writing the session bean class . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Implementing the SessionBean interface . . . . 150 Writing the business methods . . . . . . . . . . 151 Adding one or more ejbCreate() methods . . . . 151 How JBuilder can help you create a session bean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 The lifeof a session bean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Stateless beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Stateful beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 The method-ready in transaction state . . . . 154 Chapter 16 Developing entity beans 157 Persistence and entity beans . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Bean-managed persistence . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Container-managed persistence. . . . . . . . . 158 Primary keys in entity beans . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Writing the entity bean class . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Implementing the EntityBean interface . . . . . 159 Declaring and implementing the entity bean methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Creating create methods . . . . . . . . . . .160 Creating finder methods. . . . . . . . . . . .161 Writing the business methods. . . . . . . . .162 The life of an entity bean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162 The nonexistent state. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162 The pooled state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163 The ready state. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163 Returning to the pooled state. . . . . . . . . . .163 A bank entity bean example . . . . . . . . . . . . .164 The entity bean home interface. . . . . . . . . .164 The entity bean remote interface . . . . . . . . . 165 An entity bean with container-managed persistence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165 An entity bean with bean-managed persistence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166 The primary key class . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170 The deployment descriptor . . . . . . . . . . . .171 Deployment descriptor for an entity bean with bean-managed persistence. . . . 172 Deployment descriptor for an entity bean with container-managed persistence . 172 Chapter 17 Developing message-driven beans 175 How message-driven beans work . . . . . . . . . . 175 JMS message-driven beans . . . . . . . . . . .176 The life of a message-driven bean instance . . . . . 176 Writing a message-driven bean class . . . . . . . . 176 Implementing the MessageDrivenBean interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177 Implementing the message listener interface. . . 177 Writing the message listener method . . . . . 177 How JBuilder can help you create a message-driven bean. . . . . . . . . . . . . .178 Message-driven bean deployment descriptor attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179 Chapter 18 Creating the home and remote/local interfaces 181 Creating the home interface . . . . . . . . . . . . .181 The EJBHome interface . . . . . . . . . . . . .182 The LocalHome interface. . . . . . . . . . . . .182 Creating a home or local home interface for a session bean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182 create() methods in session beans . . . . . .183 Creating a remote home or local home interface for an entity bean . . . . . . . . . . .183 create() methods for entity beans . . . . . . . 184 Finder methods for entity beans. . . . . . . . 184 Creating the remote or local interface . . . . . . . . 186 The EJBObject and EJBLocalObject interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186 Chapter 19 Developing enterprise bean clients 189 Locating the home interface . . . . . . . . . . . . .190 Getting the remote/local interface . . . . . . . . . . 190 Session beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190 iii
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Improving performance in large projects with many relationships. . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Removing a relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Adding a finder method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Adding an ejbSelect method . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Adding a home business method . . . . . . . . . 60 Creating a schema from entity beans . . . . . . . . 60 Exporting a data source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Creating entity beans with bean-managed persistence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Chapter 7 Creating session facades for entity beans 63 Using the DTO and Session Facade wizard . . . . . 64 Examining the generated classes . . . . . . . . . . 68 Chapter 8 Creating beans with the Enterprise JavaBean 1.x wizard 69 EJB modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Creating an EJB module from existing deployment descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Creating an enterprise bean . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Creating a session bean . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Creating an entity bean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Adding the business logic to your bean . . . . . . 74 Exposing business methods through the remote interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Generating the bean class from a remote interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Creating the home and remote interfaces for an existing bean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Chapter 9 Creating EJB 1.x entity beans from an existing database table 81 Creating entity beans with the EJB 1.x Entity Bean Modeler.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Chapter 10 Compiling enterprise beans and creating a deployment module 87 Compiling the bean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Changing build properties for a deployment module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Changing the server-specific build properties for an EJB module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Compiling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 The generated JAR file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 What an EJB JAR contains . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Editing deployment descriptors. . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Chapter 11 Running and testing an enterprise bean 91 Testing your bean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Choosing the type of test client . . . . . . . . . .92 Working with test client applications. . . . . . . . . .92 Creating a test client application . . . . . . . . . .92 Using the test client application . . . . . . . . . .95 Using your test client application to test your enterprise bean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96 Creating a Server runtime configuration . . . .96 Running your EJB test client application . . . .97 Working with JUnit test cases. . . . . . . . . . . . .98 Creating a JUnit test case . . . . . . . . . . . . .98 Creating a JUnit test case using the EJB Test Client wizard . . . . . . . . . . . .98 Running your JUnit test case. . . . . . . . . . . 100 Working with Cactus JUnit test cases . . . . . . . . 100 Creating a Cactus JUnit test case . . . . . . . . 100 Configuring your project for testing an EJB with Cactus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Creating a Cactus JUnit test case using the EJB Test Client wizard . . . . . . . . . 103 Running your Cactus JUnit test case . . . . . . 104 Chapter 12 Deploying enterprise beans 107 Creating a deployment descriptor file . . . . . . . . 108 The role of the deployment descriptor. . . . . . . . 108 The types of information in the deployment descriptor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Structural information. . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Application assembly information . . . . . . . 110 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Application server-specific properties. . . . . 110 Creating an application module . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Deploying to an application server . . . . . . . . . 112 Deploying to Borland Enterprise Server . . . . . 112 Deploying to non-Borland servers . . . . . . . . 113 Setting deployment options with the Properties dialog box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Hot deploying to an application server . . . . . . 115 Chapter 13 Editing EJB deployment descriptors 117 Viewing EJB deployment descriptors . . . . . . . . 117 Bean-specific nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Module-wide nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Viewing XML code of module descriptors . . . . 119 Viewing the EJB module s directory structure . . 120 Adding to and deleting from a deployment descriptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Viewing errors in descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Editing entity bean descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . 122 EJB Reference page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 EJB Local Reference page. . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Environment Entry page . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 Resource Environment Reference page . . . . . 126 Resource Reference page . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Security Identity page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Security Role Reference page . . . . . . . . . . 128 CMP Field page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 EJB Query page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 ii
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Contents Contents Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Documentation conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Developer support and resources. . . . . . . . . . . 2 Contacting Borland Developer Support . . . . . . 2 Online resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 World Wide Web. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Borland newsgroups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Usenet newsgroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Reporting bugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Chapter 2 An introduction to EJB development 5 Why we need Enterprise JavaBeans . . . . . . . . . 5 Roles in the development of an EJB application . . . 6 Application roles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Infrastructure roles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Deployment and operation roles . . . . . . . . . . 7 EJB architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 The EJB server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 The EJB container. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 How an enterprise bean works . . . . . . . . . . 9 Types of enterprise beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Session beans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Entity beans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Message-driven beans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Remote and local access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Chapter 3 Developing enterprise beans with JBuilder 11 Configuring the JBuilder/server connection. . . . . .11 The EJB designer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 EJB designer options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 The EJB wizards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 EJB Module and EJB designer wizards . . . . . . 14 EJB 1.x wizards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 EJB Test Client wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 The EJB Module DD editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 The development process . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Chapter 4 Working with the EJB designer 17 Introducing EJB modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Creating an EJB module with the EJB Module wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Creating an empty EJB module . . . . . . . .19 Copying an existing EJB module . . . . . . . . 19 Creating an EJB module node for a module existing in a directory outside your project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Creating an EJB module node for an existing archive outside your project . . . . . 21 Creating an EJB module from existing deployment descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Displaying the EJB designer. . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Quickening the display of your EJBs . . . . . . . 23 Preventing the saving of EJB designer layout changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Creating enterprise beans with the EJB designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 How the EJB designer names EJB files . . . . . . . 25 Viewing a bean s source code. . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Modifying the bean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Editing bean attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Adding a newfield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Adding a newmethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Removing a method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Regenerating a bean s interfaces. . . . . . . . . 29 Setting package names for an enterprise bean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Importing beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Organizing beans with views . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Finding beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Arranging beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Removing beans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Fixing errors in your bean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Viewing and editing the deployment descriptors. . . 33 Setting options for the EJB designer. . . . . . . . . 33 Chapter 5 Creating session beans with the EJB designer 35 Creating session beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 How the EJB designer names session bean files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Modifying the bean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Adding a newfield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Adding a newmethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Removing a method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Working with ejbCreate() methods . . . . . . . . 40 Taking the next step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Chapter 6 Creating entity beans with the EJB designer 41 Creating CMP entity beans from an imported data source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Importing a data source . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Viewing schema names . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 jndi-definitions.xml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Modifying the imported data source schema . . . 43 Generating the entity bean classes and interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Editing entity bean properties . . . . . . . . . . 46 Referencing another table. . . . . . . . . . . 47 WebLogic table mappings. . . . . . . . . . . 49 Entity bean field and method inspectors . . . 52 Creating entity bean relationships . . . . . . . . 52 Using the relationship inspector to specify a relationship . . . . . . . . . . . .53 i
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Borland Software Corporation 100 Enterprise Way Scotts Valley, California 95066-3249 www.borland.com Refer to the file deploy.html located in the redist directory of your JBuilder product for a complete list of files that you can distribute in accordance with the JBuilder License Statement and Limited Warranty. Borland Software Corporation may have patents and/or pending patent applications covering subject matter in this document. Please refer to the product CD or the About dialog box for the list of applicable patents. The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents. COPYRIGHT 1997 2004 Borland Software Corporation. All rights reserved. All Borland brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Borland Software Corporation in the United States and other countries. Java and all Java-based marks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. All other marks are the property of their respective owners. For third-party conditions and disclaimers, see the Release Notes on your JBuilder product CD. Printed in the U.S.A. JB2005ejb 8E11R0804 0405060708-987654321 PDF
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